1. 憑此;借以 A system or action whereby something happens is one that makes that thing happen.
e.g. ...the system whereby Britons choose their family doctors and the government pays those doctors... 通過(guò)這個(gè)系統,英國人選擇自己的家庭醫生,而由政府給那些醫生支付薪水 e.g. They voted to accept a deal whereby the union will receive nearly three-quarters of a million pounds from the International Miners Organisation. 他們表決同意了一項協(xié)議,根據這一協(xié)議工會(huì )將從國際礦工組織得到近75萬(wàn)英鎊。